Indian Dance Bharatanatyam, Kathakali, Kathak, Manipuri, Kuchipudi, and Odissi.

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Indian Dance


Dance in India has an unbroken tradition of over 2000 years. Two main divisions of its forms are classical and folk. Classical dance forms are based on ancient dance discipline and have rigid rules of presentation. Important among them are Bharatanatyam, Kathakali, Kathak, Manipuri, Kuchipudi and Odissi.
Folk dances of India vary according to the region and have no specific grammar. They fit in with the scheme of festivals each region.
India’s contemporary classical dances trace their origin far back in Indian history. Dance like any other aspect of Indian culture and tradition has developed over thousands of years. It is a very influential art form, for sculptures and pieces of literature from the past all depict some form of dance. Classical Indian dances today trace their roots to a book called the Natyasastra which forms the basis of all the performing arts today.

1      1.   Bharatanatyam

Bharatanatyam originated in Tamil nadu and was earlier knows as Daasiyattam. This dance form has been handed down through the centuries by dance teachers (or gurus) called nattuwanars and the temple dancers, called devadasis. In the sacred environment of the temple these families developed and propagated their heritage. The training traditionally took around seven years under the direction of the nattuwanar who were scholars and persons of great learning.
Famous Dancers: 
Bala Saraswati, C.V. Chandrasekhar, Leela Samson, Mrinalini Sarabhai, Padma Subramanyam, Rukmini Devi, Sanyukta Panigrahi, Sonal Mansingh, Yamini Krishnamurthi.

2. Kathak
Kathak means ‘to tell a story’. This north Indian dance form is inextricably bound with classical Hindustani music, and the rhythmic agility of the feet is accompanied by the table or pakhawaj. Traditionally the stories were of Radha and Krishna, in the Natwari style (as it was then called) but the Moghul invasion of North India had a serious impact on the dance. The dance was taken to Muslim courts and thus it became more entertaining and less religious in content. More emphasis was laid on nritta, the pure dance aspect and less on abhinaya (expression and emotion).
Famous dancers:
Bharati Gupta, Birju maharaj, Damayanti Joshi, Durga das, Gopi Krishana, Kumudini Lakhia, Sambhu Maharaj, Sitara Devi.

3.    Kuchipudi

Kuchipudi derives its name from the village. Kuchipudy (Kuchelapuram) in Andhra Pradesh from where it originated. The dance drama that still exists today and can most closely be associated with the Sanskrit theatrical tradition is Kuchipudi which is also known as Bhagavata Mela Natakam. The actor sing and dance, and the style is a blend of folk and classical.
   Famous Dancers:
  Josyula Setharamaiah, Vempathi Chinna Sathym. 

    4.    Manipuri

This dance style was originally called jogai which means circular movement. In ancient texts, it has been compared to the movement of the planets around the sun.
It is said that when Krishna, Radha, and the gopis danced the Ras Leela, Shiva made sure that no one disturbed the beauty of the dancing. Parvati, the consort of Lord Shiva also wished to see this dance, so to please her he chose the beautiful area of Manipur and re-enacted the Ras Leela.
Hundreds of centuries later, in the 11th century, during the reign of Raja Loyamba, prince Khamba of the Khomal dynasty and Princes Thaibi of the Maiarang dynasty re-enacted the dance and it became known as Lai-Haraoba, the most ancient dance of Manipur.
Famous Dancers:
Guru Bipin Sinha, Jhaveri Sisters, Nayana Jhaveri, Nirmala Mehta, Savita Mehta.

    5. Odissi

Odissi, the dance form from Orissa, is supposed to be the oldest surviving classical dance form from India. Odissi is based on the popular devotion to Lord Krishna and the verses of the Sanskrit play Geet Govinda are used to depicting the love and devotion to God. The Odissi dancers use their head, bust, and torso in soft flowing movements to express specific moods and emotions.
The form is curvaceous, concentrating on the tribhang or the visions of the body into three parts, head, bust, and torso, the mudras and the expressions are similar to those of Bharatnatyam. Odissi performances are replete with lores of the eighth incarnation of Vishnu, Lord Krishna.
Famous Dancers:
Debaprasad Das, Dhirendra Nath Pattnaik, Indrani Rahman. 

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